Explore Kaziranga to Know What Makes it a Proud Destination
Kaziranga National Park is one of the celebrated tourist landmarks in Assam’s Golaghat, Nagaon and Sonitpur districts. Known worldwide for its thriving population of the majestic one-horned rhinoceros, this UNESCO World Heritage Site attracts nature enthusiasts, wildlife lovers, and photographers alike. Exploring Kaziranga is more than just a visit to a national park—it’s an experience that connects you with nature’s finest creations and showcases why this destination is a source of pride for India. Kaziranga is most famous for its population of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros, which constitutes over two-thirds of the world’s total. Beyond the rhinos, the park is home to elephants, wild water buffaloes, swamp deer, tigers, leopards, and an impressive range of bird species.
A Brief History of Kaziranga
Kaziranga National Park, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985, spans approximately 430 sq. km and is situated between the Brahmaputra River and the Karbi (Mikir) Hills. Its origins trace back to June 1, 1905, when the Kaziranga Proposed Reserve Forest was established with an initial area of 232 sq. km. It later achieved national park status under the Assam National Park Act of 1968.
Renowned for its stunning natural beauty and rich biodiversity, Kaziranga is a sanctuary for a variety of wildlife. As of March 2022, it is home to 2,613 one-horned rhinoceroses, alongside breeding populations of elephants, wild water buffaloes, and swamp deer. Over the years, the park’s tiger population has also increased significantly, leading to its designation as a Tiger Reserve in 2006.
In addition to its iconic mammals, Kaziranga attracts migratory birds from Central Asia during the winter season. Notable visitors include the lesser white-fronted goose, ferruginous duck, Baer’s pochard duck, lesser adjutant, greater adjutant, black-necked stork, and Asian openbill stork, further enriching the park’s ecological diversity.
The Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros – A Conservation Triumph of Kaziranga
Once on the brink of extinction due to poaching and habitat loss, the one-horned rhinoceros has made an incredible comeback in Kaziranga, thanks to decades of rigorous conservation efforts. This species, listed as ‘vulnerable’ on the IUCN Red List, has become synonymous with Assam’s identity. Today, Kaziranga stands as a shining example of how dedicated wildlife protection can reverse the fortunes of an endangered species.
The rhino’s distinctive horn, powerful frame, and prehistoric appearance make it one of the most fascinating animals to observe in the wild. Over the past six decades, Assam’s one-horned rhinoceros population has experienced a remarkable fivefold increase, growing from approximately 600 in the 1960s to over 3,000 in 2024. Currently, 80% of India’s rhino population resides in Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve, with smaller populations distributed across Orang National Park (4%), Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary (3%), and Manas National Park (1%).
This success story is attributed to a combination of enhanced habitat protection and a dramatic reduction in poaching, which has dropped by 86% since 2016. Collaborative efforts between the state government and local communities have played a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and conservation of Assam’s rhinos, solidifying their status as a symbol of the state’s rich biodiversity.
Kaziranga Safari is the Best Way to Witness These Rhinos
For those eager to experience the one-horned rhinoceros up close, Kaziranga offers two exceptional safari options: jeep safaris and elephant-back rides. Each provides a unique way to explore the park and its majestic inhabitants. Online safari booking for Kaziranga is suggested to book the safari in advance, especially in the peak tourist season, from November to March or April.
Jeep safaris in Kaziranga are ideal for exploring Kaziranga’s diverse landscapes while observing rhinos in their natural habitat. These open vehicles provide comfort, safety and panoramic views, with experienced guides and drivers offering insights into the rhinos’ behaviour and ecology. Early morning and late afternoon safari trips are organised by the park’s authorities. For a closer encounter, elephant safaris allow visitors to journey deep into the tall grasslands, offering intimate wildlife sightings and unique photographic opportunities against Kaziranga’s stunning backdrop.
